Strategia / 2.7.1 / 79.81M

Strategia / 1.0.19 / by JUMP WORLD HK LIMITED / 15.00M

Strategia / 5.15.86 / by Big Alpha Games / 98.57MB

Strategia / 12 / 89.99M

Strategia / 1.12 / 56.25M

Strategia / 1.0.6 / 100.24M

Strategia / 6.0.2 / by Fried Chicken Games / 82.5 MB

Strategia / 1.11.2093.0 / by Phobies Holdings Inc. / 433.0 MB

Strategia / 1.0.64 / by SINCETIMES HK SCIENCE COMPANY LIMITED / 83.00M

Strategia / 1.0.65 / by charisse2108 / 126.00M

Strategia / 0.18.9 / 140.70M

Strategia / 1.8 / by Xtreme Pickle Games Studio / 28.00M

Strategia / v60256021 / by Supercell / 75.13M

Strategia / 4.66.0 / 194.51M

Strategia / 1.0 / 58.00M