Strateji / 3.2729.1 / by Supercell / 299.17M

Strateji / 1.95 / by Tapps Games / 156.00M

Strateji / 5.9.2.935 / by Wangxiao8108 / 63.00M

Strateji / 1.0.1 / by Little Bit Games / 31.84M

Strateji / 1.0 / by Xtreme Pickle Games Studio / 66.16M

Strateji / 7.1.3 / 137.09M

Strateji / 1.27 / 84.00M

Strateji / 1.1.5 / 78.30M

Strateji / 5.7.32 / 37.11M

Strateji / 1.0.0 / by fiaz apps studio / 4.53M

Strateji / v1.0.38 / by StarFortune / 113.46M

Strateji / v2.44.1 / by 5minlab Corp. / 1224.00M

Strateji / 1.0 / by Onotion / 53.09M

Strateji / 1.5.26 / by Air Entertainment / 85.09M

Strateji / 0.9 / by Identive / 51.00M